带有 GitHub Actions 的多平台图像

您可以 使用该选项构建多平台映像platforms，如以下示例所示：

笔记

name: ci

on:
  push:
    branches:
      - "main"

jobs:
  docker:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Set up QEMU
        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
      - name: Login to Docker Hub
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: Build and push
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
        with:
          context: .
          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
          push: true
          tags: user/app:latest

将构建分布到多个运行者

在前面的示例中，每个平台都构建在同一个运行器上，这可能需要很长时间，具体取决于平台的数量和 Dockerfile。

要解决此问题，您可以使用矩阵策略将每个平台的构建分布到多个运行器上，并使用命令创建清单 buildx imagetools create列表。

以下工作流程将使用矩阵策略并按摘要推送在专用运行器上为每个平台构建图像。然后，该merge作业将创建一个清单列表并将其推送到 Docker Hub。

此示例还使用该 metadata操作 来设置标签和标签。

name: ci

on:
  push:
    branches:
      - "main"

env:
  REGISTRY_IMAGE: user/app

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
        platform:
          - linux/amd64
          - linux/arm/v6
          - linux/arm/v7
          - linux/arm64
    steps:
      -
        name: Prepare
        run: |
          platform=${{ matrix.platform }}
          echo "PLATFORM_PAIR=${platform//\//-}" >> $GITHUB_ENV          
      -
        name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      -
        name: Docker meta
        id: meta
        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
        with:
          images: ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}
      -
        name: Set up QEMU
        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
      -
        name: Set up Docker Buildx
        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
      -
        name: Login to Docker Hub
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
      -
        name: Build and push by digest
        id: build
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
        with:
          context: .
          platforms: ${{ matrix.platform }}
          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
          outputs: type=image,name=${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }},push-by-digest=true,name-canonical=true,push=true
      -
        name: Export digest
        run: |
          mkdir -p /tmp/digests
          digest="${{ steps.build.outputs.digest }}"
          touch "/tmp/digests/${digest#sha256:}"          
      -
        name: Upload digest
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: digests-${{ env.PLATFORM_PAIR }}
          path: /tmp/digests/*
          if-no-files-found: error
          retention-days: 1

  merge:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs:
      - build
    steps:
      -
        name: Download digests
        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
          path: /tmp/digests
          pattern: digests-*
          merge-multiple: true
      -
        name: Set up Docker Buildx
        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
      -
        name: Docker meta
        id: meta
        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
        with:
          images: ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}
      -
        name: Login to Docker Hub
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
      -
        name: Create manifest list and push
        working-directory: /tmp/digests
        run: |
          docker buildx imagetools create $(jq -cr '.tags | map("-t " + .) | join(" ")' <<< "$DOCKER_METADATA_OUTPUT_JSON") \
            $(printf '${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}@sha256:%s ' *)          
      -
        name: Inspect image
        run: |
          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:${{ steps.meta.outputs.version }}

带烘烤

还可以使用 Bake 和 烘焙操作在多个运行器上构建。

您可以在此 GitHub 存储库中找到一个实例 。

以下示例实现了与 上一节中描述的相同的结果。

variable "DEFAULT_TAG" {
  default = "app:local"
}

// Special target: https://github.com/docker/metadata-action#bake-definition
target "docker-metadata-action" {
  tags = ["${DEFAULT_TAG}"]
}

// Default target if none specified
group "default" {
  targets = ["image-local"]
}

target "image" {
  inherits = ["docker-metadata-action"]
}

target "image-local" {
  inherits = ["image"]
  output = ["type=docker"]
}

target "image-all" {
  inherits = ["image"]
  platforms = [
    "linux/amd64",
    "linux/arm/v6",
    "linux/arm/v7",
    "linux/arm64"
  ]
}
name: ci

on:
  push:
    branches:
      - "main"

env:
  REGISTRY_IMAGE: user/app

jobs:
  prepare:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    outputs:
      matrix: ${{ steps.platforms.outputs.matrix }}
    steps:
      -
        name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      -
        name: Create matrix
        id: platforms
        run: |
          echo "matrix=$(docker buildx bake image-all --print | jq -cr '.target."image-all".platforms')" >>${GITHUB_OUTPUT}          
      -
        name: Show matrix
        run: |
          echo ${{ steps.platforms.outputs.matrix }}          
      -
        name: Docker meta
        id: meta
        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
        with:
          images: ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}
      -
        name: Rename meta bake definition file
        run: |
          mv "${{ steps.meta.outputs.bake-file }}" "/tmp/bake-meta.json"          
      -
        name: Upload meta bake definition
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: bake-meta
          path: /tmp/bake-meta.json
          if-no-files-found: error
          retention-days: 1

  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs:
      - prepare
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
        platform: ${{ fromJson(needs.prepare.outputs.matrix) }}
    steps:
      -
        name: Prepare
        run: |
          platform=${{ matrix.platform }}
          echo "PLATFORM_PAIR=${platform//\//-}" >> $GITHUB_ENV          
      -
        name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      -
        name: Download meta bake definition
        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: bake-meta
          path: /tmp
      -
        name: Set up QEMU
        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
      -
        name: Set up Docker Buildx
        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
      -
        name: Login to Docker Hub
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
      -
        name: Build
        id: bake
        uses: docker/bake-action@v4
        with:
          files: |
            ./docker-bake.hcl
            /tmp/bake-meta.json            
          targets: image
          set: |
            *.tags=
            *.platform=${{ matrix.platform }}
            *.output=type=image,"name=${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}",push-by-digest=true,name-canonical=true,push=true            
      -
        name: Export digest
        run: |
          mkdir -p /tmp/digests
          digest="${{ fromJSON(steps.bake.outputs.metadata).image['containerimage.digest'] }}"
          touch "/tmp/digests/${digest#sha256:}"          
      -
        name: Upload digest
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: digests-${{ env.PLATFORM_PAIR }}
          path: /tmp/digests/*
          if-no-files-found: error
          retention-days: 1

  merge:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs:
      - build
    steps:
      -
        name: Download meta bake definition
        uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
        with:
          name: bake-meta
          path: /tmp
      -
        name: Download digests
        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
          path: /tmp/digests
          pattern: digests-*
          merge-multiple: true
      -
        name: Set up Docker Buildx
        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
      -
        name: Login to DockerHub
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
      -
        name: Create manifest list and push
        working-directory: /tmp/digests
        run: |
          docker buildx imagetools create $(jq -cr '.target."docker-metadata-action".tags | map(select(startswith("${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}")) | "-t " + .) | join(" ")' /tmp/bake-meta.json) \
            $(printf '${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}@sha256:%s ' *)          
      -
        name: Inspect image
        run: |
          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.REGISTRY_IMAGE }}:$(jq -r '.target."docker-metadata-action".args.DOCKER_META_VERSION' /tmp/bake-meta.json)